Doç. Dr. Emre BaşerObstetrics & Gynecology
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The IVF Journey: Step by Step

IVF is a detailed process requiring patience and accurate information. From initial workup to pregnancy test — what to expect.

May 3, 20262 min read

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is one of the most effective treatments for couples unable to conceive. The process involves several stages and physician-patient communication is essential at each step.

1. Initial Evaluation

Detailed history, hormonal tests, gynecologic exam, semen analysis and HSG help identify the cause of infertility. Typically:

  • Female: ovarian reserve markers (AMH, FSH, estradiol)
  • Male: semen analysis
  • HSG to assess tubal patency
  • General health screening (HIV, hepatitis, etc.)

2. Ovarian Stimulation

Begins on day 2-3 of the cycle. Daily hormone injections (FSH/LH) help mature multiple eggs. The process takes about 10-12 days with:

  • Regular ultrasound monitoring
  • Estradiol and progesterone levels
  • Dose adjustments

3. Trigger Shot

When follicles reach maturity (typically 17-20 mm diameter), the hCG injection is given. Egg retrieval is scheduled 34-36 hours later.

4. OPU — Egg Retrieval

Performed under light sedation, transvaginally with ultrasound guidance. Takes 15-20 minutes; same-day discharge. Fresh or frozen sperm is collected on the same day.

5. Laboratory Phase

Embryologists perform:

  • IVF: natural fertilization of egg by sperm
  • ICSI: direct sperm injection (preferred in male factor)
  • 3-5 day embryo monitoring
  • Embryo quality grading

6. Embryo Transfer

Usually a day-5 blastocyst is preferred. Painless, ultrasound-guided procedure with a thin catheter. One or two embryos are transferred; remaining are frozen.

7. The Two-Week Wait

Beta-hCG (blood pregnancy test) is performed 10-12 days after transfer. During this period:

  • Progesterone support continues
  • Avoid excessive physical activity
  • Stress management is important

Success Rates

Success depends on maternal age, ovarian reserve, embryo quality and prior attempts. Generally:

  • Under 35: 40-50%
  • 35-37: 35-40%
  • 38-40: 25-30%
  • 40-42: 15-20%
  • Over 42: 5-10%

Emotional Support

IVF can be emotionally taxing. Spouse and family support, and professional counseling when needed, ease the process.

Every couple is unique; the pace and details are personalized. Always share your questions and concerns with your physician.